Alex Frydrychowicz1, Philipp Blanke1, Max Russe1, Jelena Bock1, Aurelien F. Stalder1, Daniela Fll2, Raoul Arnold3, Philip Kilner4, Michael Markl1
1Diagnostic Radiology, Medical Physics, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; 2Cardiology, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; 3Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; 4Royal Brompton Hospital, Imperial College, London, UK
The aim of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility of time-resolved 3-directional flow-sensitive 3-dimensional MRI (flow sensitive 4D MRI) to provide a comprehensive overview of principal blood movements through both sides of the human heart and great vessels. 3D visualization of flow connectivity and application to congenital heart disease underline the potential of whole heart approach for the evaluation of normal and altered complex flow.